州AI法规遭休眠商业条款审查：跨州负担与域外效力的合宪边界

This article examines the constitutional limits on state authority to regulate artificial intelligence, focusing on the dormant Commerce Clause. It outlines three doctrinal components—anti‑discrimination, Pike balancing, and the anti‑extraterritorial principle—and illustrates their application through recent case law (Pike v. Bruce Church, National Pork Producers v. Ross, Minnesota insulin pricing case). The piece notes that, in 2024, states enacted over 100 AI‑related statutes while Congress passed none, and it highlights California AB 1018 as a bill that could impose hundreds of millions of dollars in compliance costs and effectively set de‑facto national standards, raising dormant Commerce Clause concerns. The analysis advises states to target harmful AI uses within their borders rather than extraterritorial model‑development regulation.